Factors Associated with Therapeutic Non-Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes Patients at the Maradi Reference Hospital

Abstract

Introduction. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) represents a major public health problem. Monitoring and control are hampered by the issue of non- adherence to treatment. The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with non-adherence to treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methodology. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study of outpatients with type 2 diabetes. Sociodemographic variables, variables related to treatment adherence, and factors that could influence it were collected and analyzed. Adherence was assessed using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS). The results were analyzed using SPSS version 27.0.1. The dependent variable to be explained was non-adherence to treatment. For all statistical tests, the significance level (p-value) was set at 0.05. Results. The mean age was 51.09 years, with a range from 14 to 74 years. The 30-60 age group was the most represented, at 70.4%. The study population was predominantly female (63.9%), with a sex ratio of 0.56. Almost all patients were married, and 77.6% lived in urban areas. Secondary and higher education levels were the most represented, at 38% each. 55.6% of patients reported receiving family support. At the end of our study, we recorded 32.4% of patients with good adherence, 38.9% with moderate adherence, and 28.7% with non-adherence, giving us a prevalence of non-adherence (moderate adherence and non- adherence) of 67.6%. Family support and physical activity were significantly associated with poor compliance; however, neither smoking nor alcohol consumption, nor the use of traditional treatments, nor self-monitoring of blood glucose showed a statistically significant link with non-adherence to treatment. Conclusion. Therapeutic non- adherence is a problem affecting a large proportion of our included patients. The factors found to be significantly associated with poor compliance were family support and physical activity.