article · Hybrid Advances
Green synthesis offers simple, eco-friendly, and non-toxic routes to producing functional nanomaterials. Using aqueous extracts from Moringa oleifera leaves and bark, selenium nanoparticles were produced through a precipitation method. Detailed characterisation revealed that both leaf and bark extracts yielded roughly spherical, agglomerated nanoparticles evenly spread throughout the matrix. Leaf-derived particles measured between 10.47 and 28.5 nanometres and were largely amorphous. In contrast, bark-derived particles were slightly larger, ranging from 15.47 to 32.83 nanometres, and exhibited predominantly crystalline structures. When evaluated against key digestive enzymes linked to blood sugar control, the bark-synthesised nanoparticles showed stronger, dose-dependent inhibition of both alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase than those derived from leaves. This heightened inhibitory activity is likely driven by differences in particle size and crystal structure, indicating that bark extracts yield nanoparticles with superior potential for diabetes management.
Managing diabetes often involves inhibiting enzymes such as alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase to moderate blood sugar spikes. Utilising common botanical sources like Moringa oleifera provides an eco-friendly, cost-effective alternative to conventional chemical nanoparticle synthesis. Showing that tree bark yields nanoparticles with greater enzyme-inhibiting activity offers a clear pathway for refining plant-based therapeutic formulations.
This research outlines an early-stage laboratory concept relevant to pharmaceutical and nutraceutical developers seeking green methods to produce antidiabetic agents. The plant-mediated nanoparticles could eventually inform treatments targeting digestive enzymes. Because the findings are based entirely on in vitro laboratory characterisation and enzyme assays, the technology remains far from commercial use, requiring extensive preclinical validation, toxicity testing, and process scaling.
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In recent years, nanoparticle synthesis innovations have focused on developing simple, cost-effective, non-toxic, and eco-friendly methods. This study investigates the green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) using aqueous extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves (M L ) and bark (M B ) via the precipitation method. The synthesized SeNPs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM analysis revealed the formation of approximately spherical particles with average sizes ranging from 10.47 nm to 28.5 nm for SeNPs synthesized with M L (SeNPsM L ) and 15.47 nm–32.83 nm for those with M B (SeNPsM B ). XRD analysis indicated that SeNPsM B were predominantly crystalline, while SeNPsM L were mainly amorphous with a few crystalline peaks. Morphological studies showed spherically shaped particles with a high degree of agglomeration, evenly distributed throughout the matrix. SeNPsM B exhibited higher dose-dependent inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase compared to SeNPsM L , likely due to differences in nanoparticle size and form. These findings suggest that SeNPsM B may possess superior antidiabetic activity.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2024.100281
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