Exploring the inclusion of children with disabilities in physical activities: benefits, barriers, and facilitators

Abstract

This article explores the participation of children living with disabilities in physical activities, highlighting the benefits, barriers, and facilitators of their inclusion. Disability is defined as a result of the interaction between impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions, which can vary across individuals and contexts. The article delves into several models of disability, including the medical, social, and human rights models and their implications for policy and practice. Epidemiological data suggest that 15% of the global population lives with some form of disability, with a higher prevalence in developing countries. Engaging in physical activity (PA) has been shown to offer numerous health benefits for children with disabilities, such as improved physical health, reduced social isolation, and enhanced mental well-being. However, these children face various barriers, including personal, social, environmental, and policy-related factors. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of addressing these barriers and promoting facilitators such as inclusive programs, family support, and accessible facilities to ensure equitable participation in PA. This review is essential as it sheds light on the critical role that PA plays in the health and well-being of children living with disabilities. PA offers a wealth of benefits, including improved physical health, cognitive function, and mental well-being. Despite these advantages, children with disabilities often encounter significant barriers that limit their participation, including personal, social, environmental, and policy-related challenges. By exploring these barriers and the factors that facilitate participation, this article underscores the need for inclusive programs, accessible facilities, and supportive policies. The review calls attention to the broader social and human rights implications of ensuring equitable access to physical activities for all children, advocating for a more inclusive society where children with disabilities can thrive.