Exploring the Frequency and Indications of Alternative Blood Transfusion Strategies in Children with ABO and Rh Blood Types: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Blood transfusions are crucial in pediatric care, particularly for children with hematological disorders. Understanding the impact of ABO and Rh blood types on transfusion outcomes is essential for optimizing patient care. Objectives: This systematic review explores the frequency and indications of alternative blood transfusion (ABT) strategies in children with different ABO and Rh blood types, aiming to improve transfusion safety and efficacy. Methodology: A comprehensive search was conducted across ten major databases, yielding 300 articles. After applying strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, 250 studies were included. The studies were assessed for quality, and data were extracted and synthesized. Results: The review found that ABT strategies, such as restrictive transfusion thresholds and tranexamic acid, reduced transfusion requirements and improved clinical outcomes in children. ABO and Rh blood type frequencies varied significantly among study populations, suggesting these factors in transfusion decisions. Personalized transfusion approaches tailored to individual children's blood types and clinical needs are necessary. Conclusion: This systematic review provides robust evidence on ABT strategies in children with different ABO and Rh blood types. The findings support personalized transfusion approaches that consider a child's unique blood type and clinical requirements, potentially leading to. The review's insights will inform clinical practice and guide future research in pediatric transfusion medicine, enhancing the quality of care for children requiring blood transfusions.