article
With the emergence of Industry 4.0 and 5.0, industrial ecosystems are undergoing profound transformations. This study provides a systematic review of the literature to analyze the technological, human, and environmental dimensions of these paradigms. Using Kitchenham's methodological model and the VOSviewer bibliometric tool, 56 articles were examined. The results highlight the convergence of advanced technologies (digital twins, blockchain, augmented reality) with the challenges of sustainability and human-centered innovation. While Industry 4.0 emphasizes automation and intelligent systems, Industry 5.0 introduces a new dynamic based on human-machine collaboration and ethical values. This summary identifies key technologies and major challenges and proposes concrete avenues for future research.
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DOI: 10.1109/cist65886.2025.11224081
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