Exploring hydrocarbon potential with non-invasive techniques: An airborne gamma-ray spectrometric and geochemical analysis of the Shendam Area, North-Central Nigeria

Abstract

This study conducted an integrated investigation employing airborne gamma-ray spectrometry (AGRS) and geochemical analysis to evaluate the hydrocarbon potential in the Shendam area, located in Northcentral Nigeria. This comprehensive study revealed significant concentrations of key geochemical indicators, including total carbon, total sulphur, potassium oxide (K₂O), thorium (Th), and uranium (U), all of which are commonly associated with organic matter and hydrocarbon-bearing minerals. The geochemical data highlight areas of potential hydrocarbon presence, providing valuable context for the AGRS findings. The airborne gamma-ray spectrometric survey, which included DRAD (Delineation of Radioactive Anomalies) values ranging from 4.67 % to 10.18 %, was pivotal in identifying prospective hydrocarbon zones within the sedimentary formations of the study area. These high DRAD values suggest the possibility of hydrocarbon micro-seepages from underlying reservoirs, indicating favourable conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation. The spatial distribution of these anomalies, combined with the geochemical data, enhances our understanding of potential hydrocarbon zones. Although the preliminary results are promising, confirming the commercial viability of hydrocarbon reserves in the Shendam area requires further investigation. Subsequent exploration efforts should include seismic surveys and exploratory drilling to validate these initial findings. This study highlights the effectiveness of non-invasive methods, such as AGRS and geochemical analysis, in providing detailed and high-resolution insights into subsurface conditions. By minimising ground disturbances, the technique offers a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach to early-stage hydrocarbon exploration, paving the way for more targeted and informed drilling operations. • Airborne Gamma-Ray Spectrometric survey assessed hydrocarbon potential in Shendam area, Northern Plateau, Nigeria. • Results reveal favourable sediment thickness and traps essential for hydrocarbon accumulation. • Spectrometric anomalies with geochemical characteristics, highlight potential hydrocarbon zones. • Study contributes to energy resource exploration in underexplored Nigerian sedimentary basins.