Exploring HgO effect on structural, dielectric, optical, and radiation shielding properties of borate-based glass

Abstract

Abstract Glass samples in the system <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mfenced close=")" open="("> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>60</mml:mn> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> </mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">B</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>20</mml:mn> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">BaO</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>20</mml:mn> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">K</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">xHgO</mml:mi> </mml:math> (0 ≤ x ≤ 15 mol%) were prepared via melt quenching method. Infrared spectroscopy revealed structural modifications with increasing HgO content, characterized by a shift in the BO 4 /BO 3 ratio. Dielectric and impedance spectroscopy studies indicated enhanced ionic conductivity with higher HgO concentrations. Optical properties, including refractive index, extinction coefficient, and optical band gap, were determined. The optical absorption edge exhibited a red shift with increasing HgO, attributed to structural changes. Refractive index measurements showed an anomalous dispersion behavior at shorter wavelengths, followed by normal dispersion at longer wavelengths. Optical band gap calculations indicated a decrease with increasing HgO content, suggesting increased disorder. The mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) and linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) were calculated using the Phy-X/PSD software. Increasing HgO content led to a significant enhancement in both MAC and LAC values, particularly at lower energies. The mean free path (MFP) exhibited a corresponding decrease with higher HgO content. Overall, the results demonstrate the potential of these glasses as effective radiation shielding materials.