Experimental and numerical study of the mechanical response and progressive failure of Hexel IM2-12K/Epocast 50-A1 composite

Abstract

The present work focuses on the experimental characterisation and numerical validation of the in-plane mechanical properties of IM2-12K/Epocast 50-A1 composite for structural damage prediction. Consequently, a series of tensile, compressive, shear, and flexural tests were systematically conducted on specimens prepared with specific lay-up configurations, while the fibre volume fraction was measured using the ashing method. The experimental results demonstrated that the composite under investigation exhibited high tensile strength and stiffness along the fibre direction, moderate compressive properties, and lower shear strength. This behaviour is indicative of anisotropic properties. Moreover, a three-dimensional finite element simulation of the tensile and three-point flexural tests was subsequently conducted, employing a Hashin-based failure initiation criterion. In order to achieve this objective, the key material properties were incorporated into a user-defined material subroutine (VUMAT), thereby enabling the modelling of progressive damage mechanisms, encompassing both fibre and matrix failures. The numerical predictions exhibited excellent agreement with the experimental data, thereby validating both the measured properties and the robustness of the modelling strategy. The present study establishes a validated mechanical dataset and a predictive model, providing a reliable foundation for the design and simulation of the performance of IM2-12K/Epocast 50-A1 in advanced engineering applications.