Evaluation of the prosthetic space in completely edentulous Moroccan patients: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Introduction: In completely edentulous patients, the prosthetic space corresponds to the area available for denture integration. Its evaluation relies on inter-ridge height, ridge dimensions, and the degree of alveolar resorption, which condition the functional and esthetic outcome of prosthetic rehabilitation. Objective: To assess prosthetic space parameters in completely edentulous Moroccan patients and identify associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 completely edentulous patients consulting for bimaxillary rehabilitation at Ibn Sina Hospital, Rabat. After recording the maxillomandibular relationship, secondary casts were mounted on an articulator to measure inter-ridge height, ridge dimensions, and arch perimeters. Maxillary and mandibular resorption were classified using Cawood and Howell's classification. Data were analyzed with Jamovi 2.6.13. Results: Inter-ridge height was greater at the median level [2 cm (1.7–2.2 cm) right; 1.95 cm (1.7–2.3 cm) left] and lower at the tuberosity-trigone level [0.95 cm (0.7–1.48 cm) right; 1.05 cm (0.8–1.48 cm) left] (p < 0.001). Maxillary resorption was predominantly classified as type III, whereas mandibular resorption mainly corresponded to classes IV and V, both anteriorly and posteriorly (p < 0.001). Age was significantly associated with anterior mandibular resorption (p < 0.05), and the duration of edentulism correlated with resorption in both arches (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The joint evaluation of inter-ridge height, ridge perimeters and dimensions, as well as resorption profiles allows for an objective and comprehensive analysis of prosthetic space in edentulous patients.