Evaluation of research progress and trends in mini-grids for rural electrification: A bibliometric analysis

Abstract

Mini-grids have emerged as a promising solution for rural electrification in developing countries, but their implementation faces numerous challenges. This study conducted a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of mini-grids for rural electrification from 2003 to 2023 to identify trends, gaps, and future directions. Using the Scopus database and biblioshiny software, 267 relevant publications were analysed. The results reveal a significant increase in research output over the past decade. Italy, the United Kingdom, the United States, Japan, and India are the top five countries leading in mini-grid for rural electrification research. The study identified key themes, including hybrid systems, renewable energy integration, business models, and policy frameworks. The analysis highlights a growing focus on Africa and South Asia as critical regions for mini-grid deployment. Technical aspects like demand forecasting and system optimisation are prominent, alongside increasing attention to socioeconomic impacts and community engagement. The study identifies gaps in research from some developing countries most affected by energy poverty. The study findings highlight the multidisciplinary nature of mini-grid research, emphasising the need for integrated approaches combining technical, economic, and social perspectives. This comprehensive overview of the field provides significant insights for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners working towards sustainable rural electrification. It highlights the need for context-specific solutions, improved business models, and supportive policy frameworks to accelerate mini-grid adoption and contribute to universal energy access goals.