Evaluation Of Local Administration Of Omega-3 On Orthodontic Tooth Movement In A Rabbit Model

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the impact of the local administration of omega-3 fatty acids on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), accompanied by a histological examination of bone alterations in rabbits. and Methods: OTM was induced using nickel-titanium coil springs for 21 days in 14 male adult albino New Zealand rabbits in a split mouth design. One side served as control group having a local injection of saline solution while the other side as Omega-3 group with local administration of Omega-3 on days 0, 7 and 14. The amount of OTM was measured at the three time points. During the study, histological analysis was done on days 7 and 21 of OTM.Results: Although Lower amount of OTM on day 7 was found in Omega-3 group but no significant difference between both groups. On days 14 and 21, Omega-3 group showed a significantly less amount of OTM than group A (p<0.05). Histologically, no difference was found between Omega-3 group and Control group after one week. On the other hand, a significant decrease in osteoclasts number and smaller areas of bone resorption was found in Omega-3 group when compared to Control group on day 21 (p=0.0408 and 0.0060 respectively).Conclusion: The administration of Omega-3 at the local level leads to a reduction in OTM owing to its inhibitory effect on osteoclasts. Thus, local Omega-3 injection can be employed to promote anchorage or reduce post-orthodontic relapse.