article · Injury Prevention
Measuring injury-related death and disability requires robust analytical approaches that capture a broad spectrum of impairments while offering granular demographic, geographic, and temporal insights. The Global Burden of Disease 2017 study established a detailed estimation framework using the largest known injury database. The analytical approach involves determining cause-specific mortality for each injury type, calculating incidence rates, and assessing non-fatal disability based on the likelihood of specific bodily trauma. Through this methodology, comprehensive assessments were generated covering 38 distinct injury causes across 195 countries, 22 age brackets, and both sexes over a 28-year timeframe. Metrics produced include incidence, prevalence, cause-specific deaths, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years. These detailed metrics are intended to guide resource allocation and assist decision makers in shaping injury prevention policies worldwide.
Injury causes substantial death and long-term disability worldwide, yet effective prevention requires precise data. By measuring the specific health impacts of diverse injuries across different regions, ages, and time periods, this work provides public health authorities and international bodies with the evidence base needed to target prevention programmes and allocate healthcare resources where they are most urgently required.
The abstract does not indicate a commercial application pathway, as the research is focused on global public health estimation methods to guide policy making and public resource allocation.
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BACKGROUND: While there is a long history of measuring death and disability from injuries, modern research methods must account for the wide spectrum of disability that can occur in an injury, and must provide estimates with sufficient demographic, geographical and temporal detail to be useful for policy makers. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study used methods to provide highly detailed estimates of global injury burden that meet these criteria. METHODS: In this study, we report and discuss the methods used in GBD 2017 for injury morbidity and mortality burden estimation. In summary, these methods included estimating cause-specific mortality for every cause of injury, and then estimating incidence for every cause of injury. Non-fatal disability for each cause is then calculated based on the probabilities of suffering from different types of bodily injury experienced. RESULTS: GBD 2017 produced morbidity and mortality estimates for 38 causes of injury. Estimates were produced in terms of incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability, cause-specific mortality, years of life lost and disability-adjusted life-years for a 28-year period for 22 age groups, 195 countries and both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: GBD 2017 demonstrated a complex and sophisticated series of analytical steps using the largest known database of morbidity and mortality data on injuries. GBD 2017 results should be used to help inform injury prevention policy making and resource allocation. We also identify important avenues for improving injury burden estimation in the future.
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DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043531
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