Enhanced periodontal regeneration using formulated injectable hyaluronic acid with or without PRP: A rat ligature model

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the regenerative effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with 3% low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (HA) gel in treating ligature-induced periodontitis in rats. Methods • 40 male albino rats divided into 5 groups: Control (no treatment), Periodontitis only, Periodontitis + HA, Periodontitis + PRP, Periodontitis + HA + PRP. • After 2 weeks, histological (light microscopy and SEM) and biochemical (TNF-α, IL-1β) evaluations were performed. Results Histological and SEM examinations showed structural damage in the periodontitis group, including pocket formation and disorganized bone. Inflammatory markers (TNF-α and IL-1β) were significantly higher in this group than in the control group. Treatment with HA , PRP , and especially their combination significantly reduced these markers. The combined therapy (Group V) showed the most effective recovery, while HA (Group III) and PRP (Group IV) alone led to partial improvement. Conclusion Treatment modalities that include HA or PRP administration could improve periodontal healing. However, the combined administration of HA and PRP yielded superior histological and statistical outcomes. This might be due to the intensifying collection of the adjunctives' anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties. However, additional studies are needed to evaluate this combination.