Emerging Insights into Gut-Brain Axis Dysregulation in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Abstract

This review explores the emerging insights into the gut-brain axis (GBA) and its dysregulation in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's.The GBA represents a complex communication network linking the intestinal microbiome with the central nervous system (CNS), facilitated by neuro-immunoendocrine mediators.Such interactions profoundly influence brain health, cognitive functions, and various systemic diseases.Dysbiosis of gut microbiota may be implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative conditions through mechanisms involving inflammation, metabolic regulation, and neurotransmitter activity.Additionally, dietary habits, lifestyle choices, and environmental factors significantly affect individual gut microbiota profiles, further shaping neurological health.The review highlights the potential of microbiome-based therapies as innovative intervention strategies, emphasizing the metabolic contribution of gut bacteria, such as shortchain fatty acids (SCFAs), to brain function and mood regulation.Understanding these intricate relationships paves the way for novel therapeutic targets to ameliorate neurodegenerative symptoms and enhance overall brain health.