Electrohydrodynamic behaviour of charged cavitation bubbles in hybrid nanofluids: A Mooney–Rivlin model approach

Abstract

Abstract To understand cavitation in complex fluids, especially hybrid nanofluids used in technology and medicine, it is important to grasp the electrostatic forces, viscoelastic effects, and flow behaviour of nanofluids. The main contribution of this work is how hybrid nanoparticles alter the charged cavitation mechanism when charging effects are present. This study introduces a combined cavitation model that features charging effects, hybrid nanofluid behaviour, and Mooney–Rivlin viscoelasticity. It offers new insights for biomedical and energy uses. The Mooney–Rivlin model is helpful for studying charged cavitation bubbles in fluids that conduct electricity. The study employs a modified Rayleigh–Plesset equation to examine these bubbles within an electric field. It looks at how the Mooney–Rivlin model changes the fluid’s stretchability and bending. The proposed model examines the behaviour of cavitation bubbles in the presence of either single-type or mixed nanoparticles. Research also explores how hybrid nanoparticles, charge density, and fluid stretch and flow affect cavitation bubble growth and collapse. Charged nanoparticles dramatically modify bubble formation, improving the mechanisms for cavitation bubble departure and energy dissipation. Nanoparticles (mostly TiO2–Ag/H2O) increase droplet radius reduction compared to pure water. The research also inaffectsated how the volume of nanoparticles, their electric charge, initial cavitation size, and initial temperature affect cavitation bubble formation in non-conductive liquids. The research also found that charged cavitation and varied hybrid nanoparticle quantities inhibit cavitation bubble formation. Finally, our conclusions, which are based on our study and the stability of the system, are more accurate and lead to a greater reduction in cavitation bubble development compared to prior models.