Egyptian Plantagoovata Seeds: Nutritional, Biological Activities, and Chemical Constituents

Abstract

This study sought to describe the chemical composition of the wild Plantagoovata in order to ascertain its antioxidant and anticancer properties. An ethanol extract of Plantagoovata seeds was tested against three different human cell lines, including colon adenocarcinoma (HCT-116), hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2), and human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines, after its chemical components were described and identified by GC-MS. Using the DPPH radical scavenging technique, the antioxidant activity of Plantago ovata's ethanol extract was evaluated. The capacity of each antidiabetic agent to inhibit human α-amylase and α-glucosidaseswas then assessed, and results were compared to those of the antidiabetic medication acarbose. Additionally, it was predicted that inhibiting pancreatic lipase might clarify Plantago's effects.17 compounds from an ethanol extract of Plantago ovata were characterized and recognized by GC-MS for the first time. When compared to vitamin C, the antioxidant activity of Plantago ovata's ethanol extract demonstrated a comparably strong antioxidant, scavenging affinity against DPPH radicals. Additionally, Plantago ovata's ethanol extract's anti-cancer properties had good antitumor properties against all examined cell lines. The inhibitory actions of Plantago ovata on human -glucosidases and -amylase may be useful in regulating postprandial glycaemia and sugar absorption without the drawbacks of acarbose therapy.