article · Journal of Analytical & Pharmaceutical Research
Exposure to the herbicide paraquat dichloride causes significant damage to body weight regulation and blood-forming tissues in adult male rats. In an experimental study lasting forty-two days, male Wistar rats received daily oral doses of paraquat at varying concentrations or served as an untreated control group. Animals receiving the chemical demonstrated significant reductions in overall body weight, total erythrocyte count, total leucocyte count, red blood cell indices, and haemoglobin concentrations compared to the control group, whereas packed cell volume remained unaffected. Examination of the blood parameters and bone marrow demonstrated that prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the compound induces toxic damage. These adverse effects result in anaemia, bone marrow hypoplasia, and ultimate failure of the bone marrow and haematopoietic system in the exposed animals.
Paraquat is a widely used agricultural herbicide with known toxic properties. Demonstrating its direct destructive effects on bone marrow and circulating blood cells provides critical biological evidence regarding how long-term exposure impairs the immune and oxygen-carrying systems of living organisms, supporting broader assessments of pesticide safety and chemical hazard risks.
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The main objective of the experiment is aimed to examine the impact of paraquat dichloride on the body weights of adult male Wistar rats as well as in their haematological tissues. The total number of male Wistar rats was 48 and was divided into 4 groups of 12 each. The 1st group (Test 1) served as control. The other three groups served as experimental groups in which the paraquat dichloride was administered. The experimental groups which are 2nd group (Test 2), 3rd group (Test 3) and 4th group (Test 4) received doses of paraquat dichloride of 10 mg/kg b.wt/per oral/day, 20 mg/kg b.wt/per oral/day and 40 mg/kg b.wt/per oral/day respectively. The experiment was carried out for a time duration of 42 days. The mean values of body weights, erythrocyte indices, total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leucocyte count (TLC) and Hb concentrations were significantly (P<0.05) decreased in Test 2, 3 and 4 rats, excluding packed cell volume (PCV), which in comparison to the control groups. Outcomes and observations from hematological parameters and bone marrow revealed the toxicity of paraquat dichloride to hematological tissues resulting in anemia and bone marrow hypoplasia which eventually leads to failure of the bone marrow and extensively hematopoietic system of adult male Wistar rats following long term exposure and high concentration.
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DOI: 10.15406/japlr.2022.11.00394
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