article · International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies
Rearing the warm water fish Clarias gariepinus is challenging in high-altitude environments due to the species having limited tolerance for fluctuating environmental parameters. To evaluate solutions, an experiment compared six water tanks fed by a local stream in the western Highlands of Cameroon, placing three inside a greenhouse and three outside. Standard testing methods tracked changes across several physicochemical variables. Water inside the greenhouse achieved an average daily temperature of 25.98 degrees Celsius, compared to 23.37 degrees Celsius in external tanks, alongside ambient temperature differences ranging between 2 and 10 degrees Celsius. Statistical analyses confirmed that higher greenhouse temperatures directly drove water temperature, which in turn regulated dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, turbidity, and nutrient levels. Overall, enclosing tanks within a greenhouse dampens environmental swings and stabilises water quality conditions required for aquaculture in cooler, high-altitude climates.
Fish farmers in cold or high-altitude locations often struggle to raise warm water species because low temperatures stunt growth and stress the stock. Demonstrating that simple greenhouse structures can reliably maintain warmer water and stable water quality provides a practical method to overcome climatic barriers, potentially expanding viable fish farming zones and supporting local food security.
This research provides applied and tested evidence for fish farmers and aquaculture enterprises operating in cold, high-altitude areas. Adopting greenhouse technology can help operators cultivate warm water species such as Clarias gariepinus by stabilising water conditions against harsh ambient climates. Because the approach relies on established greenhouse structures and standard water tanks, it represents a readily deployable intervention close to operational use on commercial or smallholder farms.
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Claris gariepinus, a warm water fish exhibits limited tolerance with variations in physicochemical parameters of the environment. In other to optimize water parameters for fish farming, greenhouse was used. Six experimental tanks (three inside a greenhouse and three outside) were supplied with from nearby stream. The physicochemical parameters were measured using the standards methods. Results demonstrated that greenhouse maintained a mean daily water temperature of 25.98 °C (against 23.37 °C externally) and ambient temperature differences of 2-10 °C. Principal Component Analysis and linear regression indicated direct influence of greenhouse temperature on water temperature, subsequently affecting dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, turbidity, and nutrients concentrations. These findings underscore the greenhouse’s ability to mitigate environmental fluctuations, enhancing water quality stability for aquaculture in high-altitude regions. This study recommends adopting greenhouse technology to support thermally sensitive fish species in such areas, offering practical solution to climatic constraints.
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DOI: 10.22271/fish.2025.v13.i3d.3100
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