Effect of Two Different Intraoral Polishing Systems on Surface Roughness, Color Stability, and Bacterial Accumulation of Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramic

Abstract

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two intraoral polishing methods on zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic after ultrasonic scaling. Materials and Methods Thirty disc-shaped samples of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate were constructed. Freshly extracted bovine teeth were collected and cleaned then the discs were cemented into a cavity prepared onto their labial surface. The samples were divided into three groups (10 samples per group); S: Scaling only, SE: Scaling followed by polishing using Eve Diapro lithium disilicate polishers, SD: Scaling followed by polishing using Diatech ShapeGuard ceramic polishing plus kit. The surface roughness was evaluated after scaling and polishing the samples. For color stability, the samples were stored for 12 days at 37°C in an incubator to simulate 1-year consumption of coffee. L*a*b* color parameters were assessed using VITA Easyshade Advance 4.0 before and after the staining procedure and the color difference was measured. Finally, bacterial accumulation was evaluated by incubating the samples with a suspension of Streptococcus mutans ( S. mutans), after that the S. mutans colonies were counted to obtain the values of colony-forming units (CFU). The final overall roughness, change in color and bacterial count were compared between all groups using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc analysis. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation between continuous variables. The cutoff for significance was chosen at p ≤ 0.05. Results Scaling induced surface roughness of the zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic was significantly decreased after using both intraoral polishing systems and this was accompanied by a significant decrease in color change and bacterial count. Conclusion Intraoral polishing techniques can reduce the roughness of the surface of zirconia reinforced lithium silicate restorations induced due to scaling and subsequently reduce the stainability and bacterial accumulation.