article · Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Agricultural
This study evaluated the effects of magnesium oxide nanoparticles on two mung bean varieties, IC39328 and IC39500, compared with salt and conventional NPK fertiliser treatments. Seeds were treated with concentrations ranging from 20 to 100 ppm. Across both varieties, lower nanoparticle concentrations enhanced early growth parameters, including seed survival rates, plantlet length, and root length. Specific concentrations delivered measurable physiological improvements. Wet biomass and dry mass improved significantly at 40 ppm compared to fertiliser and salt controls, while moisture content decreased at 100 ppm. In addition, treatment with nanoparticles at 40 ppm maintained leaf chlorophyll and protein levels, whereas sugar, lipid, and fibre contents remained stable or improved at specific doses such as 20 ppm and 60 ppm. Overall, magnesium oxide nanoparticles supported better germination, biochemical profiles, and physiological yields than conventional inputs in mung bean cultivation.
Identifying sustainable alternatives to conventional chemical fertilisers is important for enhancing crop performance and soil health. By showing that magnesium oxide nanoparticles can improve germination, plant biomass, and key biochemical traits in mung beans, this research highlights a potential pathway to support crop productivity and resilience with tailored nano-based agricultural inputs.
The findings point towards potential applications in nano-fertiliser formulations and seed priming treatments for pulse crop farmers. Agricultural input manufacturers could formulate magnesium oxide treatments to improve germination and biomass yield. This research represents an early-stage laboratory study, meaning further field trials, application method optimisations, and safety assessments are required before real-world commercial use is viable.
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The study examined the effects of Magnesium Oxide (MgO) nanoparticles on the biochemical andphysiological yield of mung beans. Two varieties, IC39328 and IC39500, were obtained from the seed storesof the Botany department of Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, located in Makurdi, Benue state, Nigeria. Theseeds were then treated with MgO nanoparticles concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 ppm), salt, and NPKfertilizer. For the seed germination test, results for both IC39328 on day 7 showed that percentage survival,average length of plantlet, were improved at 10 ppm (100%), 50 ppm (18.6 cm), and 50 ppm (5.8 cm), whileplant vigour was maintained (4). However, plant vigour was reduced on day 20 at 100 ppm (2.8) butimproved on day 30 at 100 ppm (5). For IC39500, percentage survival, average length of plantlet, and averageroot length were improved at 10 ppm (100%), 50 ppm (18.6 cm), and 50 ppm (5.7 cm). However, plant vigour(5) was reduced on day 80 (3.5) and on day 30 at 20 ppm, 80 ppm, and 100 ppm (4). Effect on plant biomassand moisture showed that wet biomass and dry mass were significantly improved at 40 ppm (9.09 g) and 40ppm (5.98 g) compared to salt (10.55 g and 5.89 g) and NPK fertilizer (7.66 g and 4.61 g), respectively. Whilepercentage moisture was reduced at 100ppm (42.06%) compared to salt (40.59%) and NPK fertilizer(47.99%) respectively. Results for leaf chlorophyll and protein content showed that leaf chlorophyll and leafprotein content were not significantly reduced by the nano treatment at 40 ppm (4.87%) and 40 ppm (3.54%)compared to salt (4.09% and 3.15%) and NPK fertilizer (1.17%), respectively. Result for biochemicalparameters showed that sugar and lipid content were not significantly reduced at 20ppm (45.075%) and60ppm (81.0%) compared to salt (29.55% and 45.50%) and NPK fertilizer (24.43% and 56.0%) respectively.However, fiber content was maintained at 60ppm (147.6%) compared to salt (146.5%) and NPK fertilizer(145.0%). From the result, MgO nano-treatment improved seed germination, biochemical, and physiologicalparameters in both mung bean varieties compared to salt and NPK fertilizers. MgO nanoparticles arerecommended for effective seed germination and yield in mung bean cultivation.
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DOI: 10.26480/mjsa.01.2025.34.41
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