Effect of Garcinia Kola in Ivermectin-Induced Toxicity in the Hematology of Treated Rats (Rattus Novergicus)

Abstract

Garcinia kola (GK) is prized in African herbal medicine for its diverse uses, including social, economic, and medicinal purposes. This study examined the dose-dependent toxicity of ivermectin and the protective effects of Garcinia kola extract on the hematological parameters of Wistar rats. A total of 32 Wistar Rats (120 – 150g) were randomly chosen from PAMO University of Medical Sciences' Animal House. They were acclimatized for two weeks. Divided into 4 main groups (A, B, C, D), which were further subdivided into 2 subgroups each (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1 and D2) with each subgroup containing 4 rats. Subgroup A: negative control (0 mg/kg BW of ivermectin, no Garcinia kola). Subgroup A2: positive control (0 mg/kg BW of ivermectin and 20 mg/kg/ml Garcinia kola). Test Subgroups 1 (B1, C1 and D1) received respectively doses of 10 mg/kg/ml, 20 mg/kg/ml, and 40 mg/kg/ml of Ivermectin intraperitoneally, Subgroups 2 (B2, C2 and D2) received respectively the same doses followed by oral administration of Garcinia kola at 20 mg/kg BW of rat per ml daily for 7 days, starting 24 hours after toxicity induction. On the eighth day, each rat was anesthetized with chloroform. 5mls of blood was collected via cardiac puncture into EDTA bottle for the analysis of the CBC parameters. ANOVA was used to test the hypotheses at alpha = 0.05. The result showed a significant dose-dependent difference in anaemia indicators in ivermectin induction but there was no significant change in after bitter kola treatment. The study has shown that ivermectin inflicted haematological toxicity particicular in particular in anaemic indicators but bitter kola couldn’t ameliorate the effect of the toxicity.