Effect of Essential Oil of Asparagus officinalis L on Haematological Parameters of Swiss Mice

Abstract

Asparagus officinalis L. is widely consumed as both a vegetable and medicinal plant, yet data on the safety and haematological effects of its essential oil remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of essential oil (EO) of Asparagus officinalis on haematological parameters in Swiss mice. Mice of both sexes (18 – 25 g) were divided into five groups (n=6). Group 1 received 5% Tween 80 (1 ml/kg), Groups 2–4 were administered the essential oil at doses of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg, while Group 5 received a Bunto tonic (5 ml/kg). Treatments were given orally for 14 days, with body weights recorded on days 1, 7, and 14. On day 15, blood samples were collected from each animal by cardiac puncture into EDTA-coated containers for full blood count analysis. No significant (P > 0.05) changes in body weight were observed in the EO-treated mice compared with the negative control group. Haematological analysis revealed a non-significant (P > 0.05) increase in white blood cells and lymphocytes across all tested doses. Granulocytes increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 250 mg/kg, suggesting possible immune stimulation. Platelet and red blood cell counts decreased at all doses relative to the negative control, though the changes were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Overall, Asparagus officinalis essential oil appears to modulate immune function, exhibits mild anti-platelet activity, and does not enhance erythropoiesis in mice.