Dyslipidemia and Its Associated Factors Among People Living With HIV on Dolutegravir‐Based Antiretroviral Therapy at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross‐Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemia is a prevalent public health concern among individuals living with HIV who are undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART), and it increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Despite the introduction of improved medications like dolutegravir, there are limited data regarding the extent of dyslipidemia in this population. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its associated factors among people living with HIV on dolutegravir‐based ART. Methods: An institutional‐based cross‐sectional study was carried out from December 1, 2021, to February 30, 2022. Sociodemographic, behavioral, clinical, anthropometric, and laboratory data were collected from 423 participants. Simple random sampling methods were used to recruit the participants. The collected data were entered in Epi‐data Version 4.6 and analyzed via SPSS Version 26. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with dyslipidemia. A p value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of dyslipidemia was found to be 73.8%. Low HDL‐C was the most common (61.2%), followed by elevated levels of TG (40.2%), high LDL‐C (26%), and high TC (24.3%). Being female (AOR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.04–3.02, p = 0.034), insufficient physical activity (AOR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1–2.67, p = 0.048), being overweight (AOR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.07–4.75, p = 0.033), and being obese (AOR = 2.32, 95% CI: 0.86–6.25, p = 0.045) were significantly associated with dyslipidemia. Conclusion: The prevalence of dyslipidemia among people living with HIV on a dolutegravir‐based ART was high, occurring in nearly three‐quarters of the participants. Being female, insufficient physical activity, and being overweight or obese were significantly associated with dyslipidemia among people living with HIV taking dolutegravir‐based ART. Therefore, to avoid the disastrous effects of dyslipidemia, serum lipid profiles should be considered and evaluated in people living with HIV on a dolutegravir‐based ART.