article · Resources Policy
An empirical investigation into the top ten newly industrialised countries between 1990 and 2018 evaluates progress towards carbon neutrality. Examining economies including South Africa, Brazil, China, and India, the analysis reveals that natural resource rents consistently hinder carbon neutrality goals across all applied statistical models. However, globalisation acts as a mitigating force, significantly relieving the negative environmental consequences of resource rents on carbon emissions. In addition, the findings validate the environmental Kuznets curve, showing that economic growth can eventually align with environmental protection. Both renewable energy consumption and globalisation independently enhance environmental quality across the studied nations. Consequently, easing border restrictions to facilitate international trade, finance, and integration in natural resources and green goods supports the path to lower emissions.
Newly industrialised economies must balance rapid economic expansion with the urgent need to cut carbon emissions. Demonstrating that renewable energy adoption and international trade lessen the environmental damage caused by natural resource extraction offers actionable evidence for policymakers. It shows that open cross-border markets and green energy transitions can help emerging economic powers pursue carbon neutrality without abandoning industrial growth.
The abstract does not indicate a direct commercial technology application pathway or technology readiness level, focusing instead on macro-level policy and econometric modelling. However, the evidence supports market environments that facilitate trade in renewable energy technologies, environmental goods, and sustainable resource services. The findings are primarily relevant to trade authorities, international development financiers, and green technology exporters targeting emerging industrial markets.
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Among the new revelation in the natural resources-environment and climate change nexus literature is the criticality of ascending the environmental sustainability ladders of the industrialized economies such as the newly industrialized countries (NICs). This study considers the panel of top ten NICs (Brazil, China, India, Mexico, Malaysia, Philippines, South Africa, Turkey, Indonesia, and Thailand) by utilizing the novel Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR) and other approaches including the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FM-OLS), Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (D-OLS), and the Fixed-effects Ordinary Least Square (FE-OLS) to analyze the related dataset between 1990 and 2018. The combined empirical approaches help to measure the countries’ drive for carbon neutrality. With a startling and unanimous evidence from the employed empirical techniques, natural resource rent is detrimental to the global goal carbon neutrality in the examined panel countries. However, there is a significant relieve that is brought about when globalization moderate the effect of natural resource rent on carbon emission. Another favorable outlook from the study is that economic growth and environmental nexus yields the affirmative validity of environmental Kuznets curve while renewable energy utilization and globalization independently promotes environmental quality in the examined panel countries. Therefore, the result from the study favours a more relaxed border to allow international integration of economic and financial aspects especially for the natural resources-related and environmental-friendly goods and services.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102616
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