review · Alzheimer s & Dementia
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) individuals show disruptions in neurovascular coupling and functional connectivity, particularly in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) assessments. Significant reductions in oxyhemoglobin (HbO<sub>2</sub>) levels are observed in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of amnestic MCI (aMCI) individuals compared to healthy controls. Individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) show lower HbO<sub>2</sub> levels than healthy individuals, while aMCI individuals show even more pronounced reductions. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is identified as a critical area for Alzheimer's disease (AD) assessment using NIRS, correlating with cognitive performance. Differences in Broca's area activation during language tasks help distinguish behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia from AD, revealing unique cognitive profiles through NIRS.
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DOI: 10.1002/alz.70769
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