article · Desalination and Water Treatment
Tannery effluent is frequently released into ecosystems without treatment, threatening living organisms because of its substantial organic load and chromium concentration. To address this issue, an investigation evaluated different chemical agents for precipitating, recovering, and reusing chromium (III) from tannery wastewater. The process involved physicochemical characterisation alongside chemical precipitation tests, with chromium levels measured through flame atomic absorption spectroscopy and evaluated using statistical analysis of variance. Testing revealed distinct differences in the volume of sludge generated by each agent: magnesium oxide yielded twenty-five percent, calcium hydroxide generated thirty-one percent, and sodium hydroxide produced forty-four percent. Because it generates the lowest proportion of sludge among the tested compounds, magnesium oxide presents an effective precipitating agent that could minimise environmental harm and support industrial sustainability efforts.
Leather tanning generates hazardous wastewater rich in toxic chromium, which endangers aquatic life and human health if released untreated. Finding efficient precipitation methods allows industrial facilities to capture and recycle heavy metals before discharge. Lowering the volume of resulting sludge significantly reduces hazardous waste handling, storage costs, and ecological contamination, supporting safer and more sustainable industrial effluent management.
This approach is relevant to tannery operators, industrial effluent treatment facilities, and environmental engineering firms seeking to recover chromium (III) and reduce disposal costs. The work is applied research tested at laboratory scale on wastewater samples. To move towards commercial implementation, further testing is needed to evaluate continuous-flow operations, process economics, and the practical reuse of the recovered chromium in industrial tanning processes.
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Most tannery wastes are discharged into the natural environment without any treatment system and pose a potential negative impact on living things due to their high organic loading and chromium content. In this study, a comparison of chemical precipitating agents to recover and reuse chromium (III) from tannery waste water was done. The study was conducted by performing physicochemical characterization and chemical precipitation. The Cr concentration was determined using the flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) method. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS program through one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). In terms of sludge volume, magnesium oxide produced 25%, calcium hydroxide 31%, and sodium hydroxide 44%. The findings have implications for global sustainability, as the use of magnesium oxide as a precipitating agent results in a smaller sludge volume and potentially less environmental impact.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.dwt.2024.100150
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