Design of Hilbert Curve Shaped Fractal Antenna With Increased Fractal Stages to Enhance Radiation Efficiency by Comparing With Conventional Fractal Antenna

Abstract

The primary goal of this research is to enhance the Radiation Efficiency of a novel Hilbert curve-shaped fractal antenna by utilizing an increased number of fractal stages, and to compare its performance with that of a conventional fractal antenna. The study involves two distinct groups, each comprising 12 samples, totaling 24 samples with a gain power of 80 %. The analysis reveals that the mean Radiation Efficiency of the Hilbert curve-shaped fractal antenna is 7.728 %, which represents a substantial improvement compared to the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{2. 1 2 0 \%}$</tex> mean Radiation Efficiency observed for the conventional fractal antenna. The study systematically investigates the impact of incorporating additional fractal stages into the antenna design, assessing how these modifications contribute to enhanced performance. The increased number of fractal stages in the Hilbert curve-shaped antenna leads to a significantly higher Radiation Efficiency, demonstrating its superior capability in efficiently radiating energy compared to the traditional design. This finding highlights the effectiveness of utilizing advanced fractal geometries to achieve better antenna performance. The research underscores the importance of optimizing fractal stages to improve the Radiation Efficiency, which is crucial for various applications requiring high-performance antennas. Consequently, the results confirm that the Hilbert curve-shaped fractal antenna with increased fractal stages provides a notable enhancement in Radiation Efficiency, offering valuable insights for future antenna design improvements.