Design of a Compact Dual-Band Antenna for Sub-6 GHz 5G and IoMT Applications

Abstract

This paper presents a compact dual-band coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed monopole antenna designed for sub-6 GHz 5G and Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) applications. The antenna is designed on a Rogers RT5880 substrate and incorporates a defected ground structure (DGS) featuring hexagonal ring slots to enhance radiation performance and improve gain. Dual-band operation is achieved through the integration of dual folded U-shaped microstrip arms into the radiating element, producing two distinct resonances at 3.5 GHz and 4.7 GHz. Full-wave electromagnetic simulations show that the antenna achieves a bandwidth of 198.5 MHz centered at 3.5 GHz and 238.5 MHz centered at 4.7 GHz, ensuring robust performance across both 5G sub-6 GHz bands. The antenna also exhibits peak realized gains of 4.1 dBi and 4.5 dBi, respectively, with radiation efficiency exceeding 90% in both bands. Owing to its compact size, high gain, and wide operational bandwidth, the proposed antenna is a strong candidate for integration into 5G-enabled biomedical devices, connected ambulance platforms, and low-power IoMT systems.