Design monopole antenna of ultra-wideband high bandwidth and high efficiency for ground penetrating radar application

Abstract

Over the past years, remote sensing, radar, and imaging applications have all made use of ultra-wideband (UWB) technology. This study undertakes an extensive analysis of tree-shaped monopole antennas tailored for UWB systems. The intended antenna has an incomplete ground plane and a circular radiating patch. To increase bandwidth, two ears have been added to the circular structure. Possessing a dielectric constant of 4.3. The antenna substrate consists of FR-4 material with a dielectric constant of 4.3. To achieve optimal impedance matching for UWB systems, the antenna is fed via a coplanar waveguide (CPW). Design antenna is a simple structure, small size, easy design, and simple integration with the substrate with dimensions of 54 mm ×36 mm ×1.6 mm. All simulation results presented in this article were generated using computer simulation technology (CST) software. He monopole antenna exhibits an impressive impedance bandwidth of 9.6 GHz (146.68%), spanning from 1.99 GHz to 11.56 GHz. Furthermore, the simulated UWB circular monopole antenna exhibits omnidirectional radiation characteristics, boasting a peak gain of 8 dB, and a directivity of 8.2 dBi at the frequency of 5 GHz, and a remarkable radiation efficiency of 97%. With these attributes, the suggested monopole UWB antenna shows significant potential for ground penetrating radar (GPR) applications.