Design, modeling, and simulation of a PV/diesel/battery hybrid energy system for an off-grid hospital in Ethiopia

Abstract

In the pursuit of sustainable energy solutions, off-grid hybrid systems have emerged as a promising avenue, catering to the electrification needs of rural areas. These systems encompass a multifaceted approach, addressing concerns of reliability, sustainability, and environmental preservation. Leveraging advanced tools such as HOMER modeling, the design and simulation of hybrid off-grid systems, alongside the evaluation of existing diesel generator (DG) power supply, have become imperative. This paper embarks on a comprehensive exploration with the overarching objective of designing, modeling, and simulating an off-grid power system tailored for the Shinshicho Primary Hospital. Nestled in the heart of Shinshicho Town within the Kembata Tembaro Zone of Ethiopia, this healthcare facility stands as a focal point for community well-being. The proposed hybrid system integrates solar PV, diesel generators, and battery storage, offering a robust and resilient energy solution. Throughout the optimization process, a primary load demand of 276 kilowatt-hours per day and a peak load of 40 kilowatts were pivotal considerations. The financial cost of this hybrid system results in an initial capital requirement of $160,500, complemented by operational and maintenance costs amounting to $14,824. Over the projected 20-year lifespan, the total net present cost (NPC) is estimated at $216,155. With these economic parameters in mind, the cost-effectiveness of the selected hybrid system is underscored by a CEO (cost of energy) of 0.187 dollars per kilowatt-hour. This metric not only highlights the economic viability of the proposed solution but also positions it as a sustainable and financially prudent choice for meeting the energy needs of Shinshicho Primary Hospital.