article · Micromachines
A compact circularly polarised antenna design has been developed and evaluated for 28 GHz millimetre-wave communications. To provide both left-hand and right-hand circular polarisation, two-port multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) arrays were constructed across four element configurations. These orientations include parallel positioning, parallel placement with a 180-degree patch rotation, orthogonal alignment, and positioning on opposite ends of a 0.79-millimetre-thick Roger RT/Duroid 6002 substrate. With total dimensions of 20.5 mm by 12 mm by 0.79 mm, the resulting antenna arrays demonstrated wide bandwidth, high gain, broad axial ratio bandwidth, high radiation efficiency, and low mutual coupling between ports. Physical prototypes for all four structural arrangements were fabricated and tested, validating predicted performance against comparative antenna designs found in earlier published literature.
Millimetre-wave communications require compact antennas that maintain strong signals without excessive interference. Circular polarisation reduces signal loss caused by orientation mismatch or atmospheric disturbance. By demonstrating that high efficiency and low mutual coupling can be achieved across multiple physical layouts, this research provides practical design configurations for integrating compact 28 GHz MIMO antennas into modern wireless communication systems.
Targeted at 28 GHz millimetre-wave applications, this technology could be adopted by telecommunications equipment manufacturers and wireless device designers requiring compact antenna arrays. With physical hardware prototypes successfully fabricated and measured against existing benchmarks, the development sits at an applied, laboratory-tested stage. Practical deployment would require integration into commercial device housings and compatibility testing within complete 28 GHz communication transceivers.
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This article presents the circularly polarized antenna operating over 28 GHz mm-wave applications. The suggested antenna has compact size, simple geometry, wideband, high gain, and offers circular polarization. Afterward, two-port MIMO antenna are designed to get Left Hand Circular Polarization (LHCP) and Right-Hand Circular Polarization (RHCP). Four different cases are adopted to construct two-port MIMO antenna of suggested antenna. In case 1, both of the elements are placed parallel to each other; in the second case, the element is parallel but the radiating patch of second antenna element are rotated by 180°. In the third case, the second antenna element is placed orthogonally to the first antenna element. In the final case, the antenna is parallel but placed in the opposite end of substrate material. The S-parameters, axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) gain, and radiation efficiency are studied and compared in all these cases. The two MIMO systems of all cases are designed by using Roger RT/Duroid 6002 with thickness of 0.79 mm. The overall size of two-port MIMO antennas is 20.5 mm × 12 mm × 0.79 mm. The MIMO configuration of the suggested CP antenna offers wideband, low mutual coupling, wide ARBW, high gain, and high radiation efficiency. The hardware prototype of all cases is fabricated to verify the predicated results. Moreover, the comparison of suggested two-port MIMO antenna is also performed with already published work, which show the quality of suggested work in terms of various performance parameters over them.
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DOI: 10.3390/mi14020380
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