Design and Analysis of a High-Efficiency Circular Monopole Antenna with Ultra-Wideband Performance for Future 6G Wireless Communication Systems

Abstract

The substrate used is ROGERS RT5880, known for its low dielectric loss (tanδ = 0.0009) and relative permittivity (εr = 2.2). The significantly downscaled size of the chip (0.6 mm x 0.6 mm) makes it an excellent candidate for integration with next-generation high-frequency systems. The antenna's architecture features a partial ground plane and two circular radiating elements, designed to improve radiation characteristics and bandwidth. This stacked configuration contributes to enhanced performance, ensuring high gain and ultra-wideband (UWB) capabilities, particularly in the terahertz (THz) frequency range. Simulations using CST Microwave Studio show that the antenna operates effectively at 1.05 THz, achieving a return loss (Sll) of −47.38 dB, a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 1.008, a gain of6.79 dB, and a radiation efficiency of94.9%. With a bandwidth of 528 GHz, the antenna meets the high data rate, low latency, and spatial resolution requirements of future 6G communication systems. This compact design, leveraging advanced materials and optimized configuration, is well-suited for integration into portable THz-band communication devices, offering a promising solution for the next generation of wireless technologies.