Design and Analysis of a Compact Dual-Wideband Rectifier for Energy Harvesting in Low-Power IoT Applications

Abstract

This paper presents the design and performance analysis of a compact dual-wideband rectifier for energy harvesting in low-power applications. The proposed rectifier is designed on Rogers RO4003C substrate with a layout dimension of $46.7 \times 14.2 \mathrm{~mm}^{2}$ and achieves broad resonant frequencies over two bands: $2.9-6.7 \mathrm{GHz}$ and $8.5-12.3 \mathrm{GHz}$, making it suitable for harvesting energy from multiple radio frequency (RF) sources in various wireless environments. The design incorporates a $5^{\text {th }}$ order impedance matching network using lumped elements to ensure optimal power transfer across both wideband ranges. With the dual-wideband resonance and efficient broadband matching, the rectifier achieves a RF-to-direct power conversion efficiency of $63.3 \%$, particularly acceptable in low-power applications such as Internet of Things devices and wireless sensor networks. The results promise sustainable power solutions in next-generation low-power wireless systems.