Dermatoprotective and anti-aging potentials of xylooligosaccharide- and glucose-fermented products by <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> S61

Abstract

The increasing demand for multifunctional and eco-friendly dermatological products has driven the search for natural bioactive agents from microbial fermentation. In this study, the fermented products derived from (XOS) and (Glc) by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum S61, previously isolated and characterized in our laboratory, were evaluated for their dermatoprotective and cosmeceutical potential. The obtained metabolites displayed potent antimicrobial activity against major skin pathogens. Inhibition zones ranged from 12 to 14.02 mm against C. glabrata, 11 to 19.90 mm against C. albicans, and up to 20.01 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus, with minimum inhibitory concentrations as low as 4.16%. Beyond antimicrobial effects, the fermented supernatants exhibited remarkable anti-aging activities, effectively inhibiting tyrosinase and elastase enzymes responsible for pigmentation and skin elasticity loss. The IC₅₀ values for tyrosinase inhibition were 52.49 µg mL-1 (Glc) and 26.81 µg mL-1 (XOS), while elastase inhibition reached 85.46 µg mL-1 and 35.07 µg mL-1, respectively. Moreover, the samples demonstrated photoprotective properties, with Sun Protection Factor values of 7.357 (Glc) and 11.589 (XOS), corresponding to 86.40% and 91.37% Ultraviolet B protection. These findings highlight the XOS fermented product of L. plantarum S61 as a promising multifunctional ingredient for sustainable cosmeceutical formulations combining antimicrobial, anti-aging, and photoprotective benefits.