Damage thresholds and population dynamics of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica, on selected chickpea cultivars from Ethiopia

Abstract

Summary The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica , is one of the most damaging plant-parasitic nematodes, affecting chickpea and causing substantial yield losses worldwide. The damage potential and population dynamics of this nematode in chickpea in Ethiopia have yet to be investigated. In this study, six chickpea cultivars were tested using 12 ranges of initial population densities ( P i ) of M. javanica second-stage juveniles (J2): 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 J2 (g dry soil) −1 in a controlled glasshouse pot experiment. The Seinhorst yield loss and population dynamics models were fitted to describe population development and the effect on different measured growth variables. The tolerance limit ( T TFW ) for total fresh weight ranged from 0.05 to 1.22 J2 (g dry soil) −1 , with corresponding yield losses ranging from 31 to 64%. The minimum yield for seed weight ( m SW ) ranged from 0.29 to 0.61, with estimated yield losses of 71 and 39%. The ‘Haberu’ and ‘Geletu’ cultivars were considered good hosts, with maximum population densities ( M ) of 16.27 and 5.64 J2 (g dry soil) −1 and maximum multiplication rate ( a ) values of 6.25 and 9.23, respectively. All other cultivars are moderate hosts for M. javanica ; therefore, it is crucial to initiate chickpea-breeding strategies to manage the tropical root-knot nematode M. javanica in Ethiopia.