Cytotoxic Polyhydroxy-Isoprenoids from <i>Neodidymelliopsis negundinis</i>

Abstract

Fungal-derived natural products continue to play a pivotal role in the discovery of drug agents for human, veterinary, and general agricultural use. The fungus <i>Neodidymelliopsis negundinis</i> presents a significant saprobic ascomycete whose metabolites remained hitherto unstudied. Herein we report the isolation of eight unprecedented secondary metabolites named neodidymelliosides A and B (<b>1</b> and <b>2</b>), neodidymelliol A (<b>3</b>), and neodidymellioic acids A-E (<b>4</b>-<b>8</b>) produced by the submerged cultures of the fungus. Compound <b>1</b> proved to be the most active compound, with IC₅₀ values ranging between 4.8 and 8.8 μM against KB3.1 (cervix), PC-3 (prostate), MCF-7 (breast), SKOV-3 (ovary), A431 (skin), and A549 (lung) cell lines. Compound <b>1</b> revealed significant inhibition of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i> biofilms.