review · Frontiers in Plant Science
Soil salinity is a widespread abiotic stress that drives significant yield losses in major agricultural crops. Excess salt impairs plant growth by triggering osmotic stress, disturbing ionic and redox signalling, altering phytohormone balance, and causing oxidative damage and metabolic disruption. In response, intricate crosstalk between signalling compounds, such as gasotransmitters and plant growth regulators, helps regulate plant stress responses and survival under saline conditions. Simultaneously, advances in multi-omics approaches, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, offer deeper molecular insights into these protective mechanisms. However, clear understanding remains limited concerning how these diverse signalling molecules interact and how multi-omics data can be fully integrated during salinity stress. Synthesising current knowledge on signalling pathways, their interactions, and multi-omics integration provides a more direct scientific framework to advance salinity tolerance across agricultural systems facing changing climate conditions.
Rising soil salinity threatens crop yields and global food security under changing climatic conditions. Understanding how plants naturally detect, communicate, and withstand salt stress at the cellular and molecular level helps researchers identify resilient traits. Combining biochemical signalling knowledge with advanced omics tools provides a foundation for breeding or developing crops that thrive in salt-affected agricultural soils.
This work remains at an early, foundational research stage. By mapping molecular signalling crosstalk and multi-omics data, it provides baseline biological insights that could eventually inform crop breeders, biotechnology developers, and agronomists seeking to design or select salt-tolerant crops. However, the abstract describes an exploratory review and points out existing information gaps, indicating that direct commercial applications or agronomic products remain several stages away from practical deployment.
AI-generated from the published abstract. Always read the original work before citing.
In the era of rapid climate change, abiotic stresses are the primary cause for yield gap in major agricultural crops. Among them, salinity is considered a calamitous stress due to its global distribution and consequences. Salinity affects plant processes and growth by imposing osmotic stress and destroys ionic and redox signaling. It also affects phytohormone homeostasis, which leads to oxidative stress and eventually imbalances metabolic activity. In this situation, signaling compound crosstalk such as gasotransmitters [nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S), hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), calcium (Ca), reactive oxygen species (ROS)] and plant growth regulators (auxin, ethylene, abscisic acid, and salicylic acid) have a decisive role in regulating plant stress signaling and administer unfavorable circumstances including salinity stress. Moreover, recent significant progress in omics techniques (transcriptomics, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) have helped to reinforce the deep understanding of molecular insight in multiple stress tolerance. Currently, there is very little information on gasotransmitters and plant growth regulator crosstalk and inadequacy of information regarding the integration of multi-omics technology during salinity stress. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the crucial cell signaling crosstalk mechanisms and integrative multi-omics techniques to provide a more direct approach for salinity stress tolerance. To address the above-mentioned words, this review covers the common mechanisms of signaling compounds and role of different signaling crosstalk under salinity stress tolerance. Thereafter, we mention the integration of different omics technology and compile recent information with respect to salinity stress tolerance.
This page summarises published work. The authoritative version sits with the publisher.
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.670369
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