Cross-Cultural Validation of the JCQ: Psychometric Properties and Structural Equation Modeling-PLS for the Assessment of Health Aspects Among Moroccan Teachers

Abstract

This study examines the cross-cultural validation of the Karasek-Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) in Morocco among teachers. It uses exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis to explore the dimensionality of the current measurement instrument compared to the original version. In addition, the partial least squares structural equation modeling was performed to evaluate the measurement and structural models to confirm a well-fitted and valid model. A valid Moroccan version of Karasek's job content questionnaire (M-JCQ) was produced. It is composed of four subscales based on the original theoretical model: psychological demands, decision latitude, supervisor support, coworker support. A linguistic validation was conducted by means of a translation into the target language and a back-translation into the source language. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 218 teachers (86 females and 132 males) working in public schools in Safi region (Morocco) aged between 22 to 61 years. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients show acceptable internal consistency, Principal component analysis with varimax rotation yields four fac-tors and explains 51.95% of the total variance. The overall fit of the model is very satisfactory, with a value of 0.75. Our results suggest that the Moroccan M-JCQ version is dependable and valid for studying the psychosocial characteristics of Moroccan teachers' work.