article · Modern Physics Letters B
This research models the behaviour of magneto-hydrodynamic flow in non-Newtonian Williamson nanofluids moving across an expanding surface embedded in a porous medium. The mathematical investigation incorporates an angled magnetic field, external heat sources and sinks, and thermal radiation alongside convective and viscous heating effects. It also integrates cross-diffusion mechanisms involving thermophoresis and Brownian motion. Using similarity transformation techniques, the governing fluid equations were converted into non-linear ordinary differential equations and solved numerically using Lobatto-IIIa collocation algorithms in MATLAB. The numerical outcomes demonstrate that combining the Williamson fluid parameter with magnetic effects reduces fluid velocity. Furthermore, the findings show that variations in fluid viscosity and thermal radiation parameters exert a substantial influence on the heating process, offering validated numerical rates and performance profiles for the combined flow system.
Understanding how non-Newtonian nanofluids respond to magnetic fields, thermal radiation, and viscous heating helps engineers predict fluid behaviour under complex thermal conditions. These numerical insights provide a theoretical foundation for improving heat management in advanced fluid systems, supporting better control over fluid movement and temperature distribution in environments involving porous media and expanding boundaries.
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This analysis explains the magneto-hydrodynamic flow on Williamson nanofluids previous stretching surface surrounded by the permeable media. The apt magnetic field was suggested for the angle of the axial direction of the flow. Anyhow, this flow phenomenon was characterized into the added heat source/sink and conjunction of radiating heat. The impacts of convective heating and viscous heating by expanding surface were again the significant feature of the analysis. This originality arises by the combination of the cross-diffusion effects of reverse behavior on the thermophoresis and Brownian motion. This form sketched into the aforesaid phenomenon was modified into the nonlinear ordinary form by the appropriate assumptions on comparison transformations. Therefore, the sets of equations were controlled for the numerical access using Lobatto-IIIa collocation method applicable to this Matlab bvp4c shooting process. This parametric performance of many components about their statistical values was given numerical imitations graphically by the rate coefficients in tabular forms. The validation and the compliance of the current result were acquired by the past study on the specific case. Further, the significant results of this analysis were: This non-Newtonian Williamson parameter combination of that magnetizing property diminishes the fluid velocities. In addition, the important influence of both viscosity parameter and radiation parameter of heating process was noted.
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DOI: 10.1142/s021798492450338x
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