Content of Phytomelatonin in Acorns (Quercus sp.) in Its Possible Use as a Phytogenic in Animal Nutrition

Abstract

Phytogenics are functional compounds with a growing interest in animal nutrition. These plant-derived compounds are often used to improve health and behavioral aspects in livestock, and used as antipathogenic agents. Melatonin, an indolic hormonal compound, has been studied as an interesting phytogenic in animal nutrition. This study analyzes the possibilities of acorn-fed flour as a phytomelatonin contributor and its beneficial roles for health. The fruits of two varieties of acorns (Quercus suber var. Maamora and var. Bouhachem), recollected in two different regions of Morocco, have been studied according to their eco-physiological origin. The content in phytomelatonin was analyzed using a solid extractive method and determined by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The results show great morphological differences between the two varieties, and also significant differences in their phytomelatonin content. It is concluded that acorn-fed flour can be an interesting raw material as a phytomelatonin contributor for the functionality of certain feeds and animals. More specific studies using phytomelatonin-rich plants as feed have been proposed to implement specific functionalities in livestock.