article · Desalination and Water Treatment
Pharmaceutical products enter ecosystems primarily through human and animal waste due to over-consumption, inappropriate use, and dumping. Even at low concentrations, these persistent contaminants in surface and drinking waters cause physiological effects in humans and animals, creating major worldwide environmental challenges. Traditional wastewater treatment approaches suffer from significant drawbacks in addressing this issue. In response, adsorption techniques have gained scientific interest because they offer high performance, affordability, simple operation, and a diverse range of adsorbent options. Clay materials in particular have emerged as an effective and economical solution for capturing and removing pharmaceutical compounds from different media, presenting a promising alternative to conventional wastewater processing systems.
Pharmaceutical pollution poses widespread risks to animal and human health because these persistent chemicals contaminate drinking and surface waters even at minute levels. Finding cost-effective, straightforward treatment alternatives to overcome the limitations of standard water treatment systems is vital for safeguarding public health and preserving aquatic ecosystems.
Clay materials could enable the development of cost-effective filtration or water treatment processes for wastewater management operators and environmental remediation facilities. Because the abstract describes a review of diverse adsorbents and notes the economic potential of clays rather than reporting a specific engineered prototype or pilot trial, the technology appears to be at an early, review-based stage of research.
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The over-consumption, inappropriate use and dumping of pharmaceutical products have had adverse effects on ecosystems. The presence of pharmaceutical contaminants in surface waters and drinking water is of worldwide concern, due to their ability to produce physiological effects even at low concentrations in humans and animals. These compounds find their way into the environment mainly through human and animal waste, and their mode of action and persistence are among today's major environmental challenges. Traditional wastewater treatment methods used to address these challenges have many significant drawbacks. In response, adsorption is gaining in popularity within the scientific community due to its high performance, low cost, ease of handling and diversity of adsorbents. This review highlights the application of a variety of adsorbents for efficient removal of pharmaceuticals from different media. Among these adsorbents, clays have attracted particular attention thanks to their economic potential and efficiency. Their use represents a promising solution to this environmental problem.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.dwt.2024.100114
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