Comparison between the Effects of Stem Cells and Lepidium Sativum on the Healing of Extraction Socket in Albino Rats (Histological and Immunohistochemical Study)

Abstract

Aim: to compare the bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and Lepidium Sativum (LS) in their potential accelerating actions on the extraction socket healing in albino rats. Subjects and Methods: Forty-five albino rats had their mandibular first molar extracted and divided into 3 groups. Group (1) received no treatment, group (2) received single dose of intravenous BM-MSCs and group (3) received daily oral dose of LS extract till sacrifice. Each group was divided to 3 subgroups A, B and C according to the days from extraction to sacrifice (7, 14 and 30 days). Molar regions were processed for light microscopic examination via Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and anti-osteonectin (ON) immunostain. Bone area fraction in H&E sections and the number of osteoblasts per area in ON sections were statistically analyzed. Results: All groups had proper socket healing, but group 2 had superior histomorphometric values followed by group 3. The least values were of group 1. The studied periods showed ascending bone healing values from day 7 to day 30. All differences between subgroups were statistically significant (p value < 0.05). Conclusion: Both stem cells and Lepidium Sativum have accelerating potential for the extraction socket healing with slight preference of stem cells.