Comparative Efficacies of Ascorbic Acid and α-Tocopherol on Biochemical and Physiological Indicators of Bisphenol A Toxicity in Wistar Rats

Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA), a recognised environmental pollutant resulting from extensive industrial use, has been classified as an endocrinedisruptor with several harmful consequences on human health. In the present study, the protective effect of ascorbic acid (AA), α-tocopherol (αT), and their combination against BPA toxicity was assessed in male Wistar rats, using quantifiable endpoints. The ratswere alienated into five groups of 6 animals (n=6) per cluster, the group I was given deionised water and livestock feed therebyrepresenting the control vehicle, while the other groups of rats (group II to V) were subjected to treatment. The group II rats wereadministered 100 mg/kg of BPA daily by gavage in corn oil, and provided with animal feed and water ad libitum. The groups III-Vreceived the same toxicant dose as group II, in addition to 60 mg/kg of AA, 60 mg/kg of αT and a combination of AA and αT in a ratioof 1:1 (% w/w) during the 28 days exposure. At p≤0.05, analysis of biomarkers showed that BPA exposure for group II ratssubstantially induced renal failure, hepatic damage, induction of anaemia, and redox imbalance in comparison to the control vehicle.However, the antioxidant-supplemented groups demonstrated remarkable restorative capacities compared to BPA-treated rats (groupII) in the ascending efficacy order of AA, αT, and their combination therapy at p≤0.05. Based on the study’s findings, therefore, themixture of these antioxidants was considered a highly effective strategy to reverse the effects of BPA toxicity than the individualantioxidants.