Compact Sub-6 GHz Four-Element Flexible Antenna for 5G Applications

Abstract

This paper proposes the design of a compact sub-6 GHz four-port flexible antenna for utilization in 5G applications. A two-arm monopole with a coplanar waveguide feed line printed on a flexible substrate was proposed to shape the single-element antenna. The single element was designed, fabricated, and measured first; then, four copies of the single element were organized on a single flexible substrate to compose the four-port antenna. The MIMO antenna was simulated, fabricated, and experimentally measured. All the simulations and measurements of the flexible single element and MIMO antennas are presented. The presented MIMO antenna showed good impedance characteristics, with a deep level of −24 dB from 3 to 4.12 GHz. The antenna had omnidirectional and bi-directional patterns in the φ = 0° and φ = 90° planes. As an important parameter evaluation for MIMO, the mutual coupling between the different ports was investigated. The diversity gain (DG), the total active reflection coefficient (TARC), the mean effective gain (MEG), the envelop correlation coefficient (ECC), and the channel capacity loss (CCL) parameters were investigated and showed good performance. All the obtained simulation results were in a high degree of agreement with the measurement results, supporting the usage of the suggested antenna in 5G communications.