article · Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials
Widespread use of the antibiotic tetracycline creates ecological risks, driving the search for effective water treatment solutions. This study investigates the use of magnesium oxide nano-flowers as combined adsorbents and photocatalysts to eliminate tetracycline from water. The material was tested under different conditions, adjusting treatment duration, acidity, nanomaterial dosage, and initial antibiotic concentrations. Under optimal parameters at pH 9, the nano-flowers achieved a 77.3% total removal efficiency for a 50 mg/L antibiotic solution, with photocatalytic breakdown accounting for 51.3% and surface adsorption contributing 26.0%. The presence of competing ions slightly reduced the overall degradation rate by roughly 5%. The adsorption behaviour followed monolayer chemical interaction models. Following treatment, the antibacterial activity of the water against Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus was lowered, demonstrating the destruction of active antibiotic compounds.
Antibiotics entering water systems can harm aquatic ecosystems and promote drug-resistant bacteria. Demonstrating that magnesium oxide nano-flowers can both bind and chemically degrade tetracycline offers a functional method to reduce pharmaceutical contamination. Because the treated water showed diminished antibacterial effects, the process actively reduces the biological potency of these persistent pollutants.
This technology could support wastewater treatment facilities and environmental remediation operators seeking to clean pharmaceutical effluents. The findings demonstrate laboratory-scale performance and degradation parameters, indicating that the technology is at an early experimental stage. Substantial further testing, scale-up work, and pilot trials under continuous-flow conditions would be necessary before the material could be deployed in commercial water filtration and treatment systems.
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Abstract The extensive use of antibiotics, including tetracycline (TC), has several negative impacts on ecosystems that need attention. In the present study, magnesium oxide nano-flowers (MgO NFs) were examined as an adsorbent and as a degradation photocatalyst for TC elimination. MgO NFs were characterized by XRD, UV-Vis, PL, SEM, TEM, and FTIR. Optimization of the removal process included varying the treatment time, initial pH, MgO NFs dosage, and testing with different initial TC concentrations. The highest removal efficiency (77.3%) was achieved for 50 mg/L TC using 0.6 g/L of MgO NFs at pH 9. Adsorption removal contributed to 26.0% of this removal, while 51.3% was attributed to photocatalytic removal. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant impacts of time, initial pH, MgO NFs dose, and initial TC concentrations on TC removal. Although adding different ions showed strong effects on TC adsorption on MgO NFs, those ions inhibited TC removal by about 5% after photocatalytic degradation. Adsorption data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, the adsorption process was monolayer on a homogenous surface based on chemical interactions. Based on the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, t 1/2 values ranged from 60.79 to 76.15 min for TC concentrations varying from 10 to 60 mg/L. Bacterial growth inhibition of Escherichia coli (ATCC 25,922) and Bacillus cereus (ATCC 33,019) were reduced after TC treatment. The study evidenced that using MgO NFs in photodegradation is an effective approach for TC removal from water bodies.
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DOI: 10.1007/s10904-024-03138-9
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