article · IET Optoelectronics
Free space optical communication offers high data rates, but atmospheric turbulence can severely disrupt signals. This research evaluates diversity coding and signal combining techniques to improve the performance of a multiple input multiple output, dense wavelength division multiplexed optical wireless link. Across an eight channel system delivering a total data rate of 20 gigabits per second over a 1,500 metre transmission distance, multiple coding schemes and combining methods were assessed. Simulation results demonstrate that diversity coding techniques such as quasi-orthogonal space-time block coding and space-time trellis coding, particularly when paired with maximum-ratio combining, effectively counter atmospheric turbulence. This configuration achieved lower bit-error rates, reduced outage probabilities, and improved signal-to-noise ratios, while lowering the required power penalty under varying turbulence conditions when compared to systems operating without these diversity techniques.
Free space optical links can provide rapid, high-capacity wireless connections without the expense of laying physical fibre cables. However, fluctuating weather and atmospheric turbulence frequently degrade signal quality. Establishing effective coding and signal combining methods ensures these wireless optical channels remain reliable and maintain high throughput even during unfavourable environmental conditions.
This work is relevant to telecommunications providers and network equipment manufacturers seeking to deploy high-speed wireless backhaul solutions. The research is based on simulation and numerical evaluation, placing it at an early stage of technical readiness. Further development would require physical prototyping and field testing under real-world weather conditions before integration into commercial optical wireless transmission hardware.
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Abstract An enhanced transmission is presented in a multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) dense‐wavelength division multiplexed (DWDM) free‐space‐optical (FSO) communication link using diversity coding techniques under the effect of turbulent weather phenomenon. The findings show good performance with an (8 channels × 2.5 Gbps data rate/channel) 20 Gbps 1500 m transmission distance. The bit‐error‐rate (BER), outage probability (OP), and signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of the diversity combining techniques using maximum‐ratio combining (MRC), selection combining (SC), and equal‐gain combining (EGC) technique are evaluated in this work. The obtained results illustrate that Alamouti, space‐time coding (STC), space‐time block coding (STBC), space‐time trellis code (STTC), orthogonal STBC (O‐STBC), and quasi‐orthogonal STBC ( QO‐STBC ) on the minimum mean‐square‐error, and MRC are worth implementing on the DWDM‐FSO wireless communication systems. The mitigation of atmospheric turbulence is achieved using MIMO diversity combining techniques coding. The simulation results for diversity coding techniques using QO‐STBC/STTC and SC/MRC in the MIMO‐DWDM FSO communication system can improve BER performance, OP, and SNR. The MRC exhibits the lowest OP and BER when compared with the SC and EGC. The numerical results demonstrate that the FSO communication link using DWDM QO‐STBC/STTC improves the power penalty at both BER values under varying atmospheric turbulence conditions for ST, MT, and WT, in comparison to FSO systems without DWDM QO‐STBC/STTC diversity coding techniques.
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DOI: 10.1049/ote2.12111
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