Clinical significance of platelet membrane glycoproteins in children with primary immune thrombocytopenia

Abstract

Abstract Objectives To measure CD62p and CD42b levels and to study its correlations with bleeding score, and different prognostic factors in children with primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients. Methods In all, 60 children with ITP and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy participants were recruited and underwent thorough clinical assessments including bleeding score using the modified Buchanan and Adix bleeding score as well as complete blood count with measurement of mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and plateletcrit (PCT), coagulation profiles and measurement of platelet glycoproteins (CD62p and CD42b) using a flow cytometer. Results Children with ITP had lower PCT ( P <0.001), CD 62 P, and co-expression of CD 42b/CD 62 P and higher MPV ( P =0.009), PDW ( P <0.001), and CD 42b level. MPV correlates negatively with lymphocyte count and platelet count, while PDW correlates negatively with neutrophil count and positively with hemoglobin. PCT correlates negatively with total leucocyte count, neutrophil count, and positively with platelet count ( P =<0.001). Children with chronic ITP usually presented with mild cutaneous bleeding, while those with acute ITP usually suffered from severe mucosal and life-threatening bleeding ( P =0.001). Acute ITP cases had the highest total leucocyte count ( P <0.001) and the lowest count of platelet ( P <0.001); persistent cases had the lowest lymphocyte count ( P =0.023) and co-expression of CD42b/CD62p ( P =0.039), while chronic cases had the lowest neutrophil count P <0.001) and highest percentage of PCT ( P <0.001) and co-expression of CD42b/CD62p ( P =0.039). Conclusion Platelet parameters and platelet glycoprotein CD62P and CD42b expression is a simple noninvasive diagnostic tool in ITP children.