article · International Journal of Epidemiology And Public Health Research
A retrospective study evaluated adult patients undergoing tracheostomy at Bugando Medical Centre between November 2019 and December 2023. The review analysed records from 190 patients aged between 18 and 91 years, with a mean age of approximately 52 years and a majority over 60 years old. Almost all procedures were conducted as emergencies. Upper airway obstruction resulting from tumours was the predominant reason for the operation, representing nearly sixty percent of cases, followed by respiratory failure, trauma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The most frequent late complication identified was tracheostomy tube blockage, followed by haemorrhage, prolonged tracheostomy dependency, and infections around the stoma. These findings establish clear local patterns for surgical indications and post-operative complications.
Tracheostomy is a critical, life-saving intervention, but it carries significant risks after surgery. Documenting the primary reasons patients require emergency airway intervention, along with the most frequent late complications like tube blockage and infection, helps hospital teams improve clinical protocols, target surgical aftercare, and enhance patient safety in resource-constrained tertiary care settings.
The abstract does not indicate an application pathway, as it focuses strictly on retrospective clinical observations without evaluating specific medical devices or commercial technologies.
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Background Tracheostomy is one of the surgical procedure developed in early times of civilization. Since then it has remain as one of the lifesaving surgical procedure worldwide. In Bugando Mwanza the referral and teaching hospital two studies has been done about tracheostomy but the details of the late complication is not well established also the clinical indications varies in both studies. Therefore these study will enlightening more on the clinical indications and give details on the late complications that results due to tracheostomy. Methods: This was 4 years and 2 months retrospective study; conducted at Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck department at Bugando Medical Centre from November 2019 to December 2023. Data were retrieved from patients’ files kept in medical record department and analyzed using SPSS. Results: One hundred and ninety patients had tracheostomy during the study period. Among them, one hundred and eight patients (56.8%) were male, and eighty-two (43.2%) were female. Their ages ranged from 18 years to 91 years with the mean age of 51.55 (SD 17.97) years. The majority of the patients were above 60 years (72%). The most common indication of tracheostomy was upper airway obstruction secondary to tumor accounting 59.5%, followed by respiratory failure accounting 24.7%, followed by upper airway obstruction due to traumatic causes and COPD which each accounted for 7.9%. The majority of tracheostomies (98.9%) were performed as emergency, and 2 patients (1.1%) had elective tracheostomy. %; Leading complication were tracheostomy tube blockage by 15.79% followed by hemorrhage and tracheostomy dependency by 7.89% then stoma infection by 7.37%. Conclusion: upper airway obstruction secondary to tumor is the most common indication for tracheostomy in our Centre and the leading complications were tracheostomy tube blockage by 15.79% followed by hemorrhage and tracheostomy dependency by 7.89% then stoma infection by 7.37%
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DOI: 10.61148/2836-2810/ijephr/88
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