CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF USING AUTOGENOUS GRAFT VERSUS XENOGRAFT FOLLOWING IMMEDIATE IMPLANT PLACEMENT IN THE POSTERIOR MANDIBULAR REGION

Abstract

Abstract Background: Bone grafting materials are commonly used to preserve peri-implant tissues, with xenografts being widely preferred due to their low substitution rate and strong osteoconductive properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare bone density and implant stability among different groups. Methods: This study included 10 patients (18 implants), all medically fit with no systemic conditions affecting bone density, and presenting with hopeless mandibular posterior teeth indicated for extraction and implant replacement. Patients were allocated into three groups, each receiving Neobiotech (Neobiotech Company, Korea) implants. Group I (control) received a gelatin sponge (modified collagen sponge) alone to fill the peri-implant gap. Group II received a gelatin sponge combined with bovine xenograft particles, while Group III received autogenous bone particles harvested from the mandibular ramus using ACM (Auto Chip Maker) burs. Results: The mean bone density was higher in groups A and B compared with group C at all time intervals. In the xenograft group (Group A), a significant difference was observed in bone density between the immediate postoperative period, 3 months, and 6 months. Bone density increased at 3 months compared with the immediate postoperative measurements, followed by a decrease at 6 months in all groups. Bone stability was highest in Group A, followed by Group B, and lowest in Group C across all time points. Significant differences were observed between baseline (0 months) and 6 months in Groups A, B, and C (P<0.,05). Conclusions: Using bovine xenograft gets more implant stability and bone density and less resorption than autograft particles harvested by AutoChipMaker from the ramus.