article · IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Researchers have modelled a wideband, circularly polarised, multi-turn plasma helical antenna designed for wireless communications operating in the X-band. Designed for compatibility with electronic circuits in system-on-chip setups, the antenna achieves reconfigurable bandwidth by altering the plasma frequency through adjustments to the number of helix turns. Using the finite integration technique for simulation, the dimensions were tuned for endfire radiation, delivering an impedance matching bandwidth of 48 percent, circular polarisation bandwidth of 31 percent, and a baseline gain of 8.5 dBi. Adding shaped dielectric lenses further enhances radiation efficiency and directional gain, raising the gain to 10.5 dBi with a quarter-spherical lens and up to 11.5 dBi with a hemispherical lens while maintaining a 40-degree beamwidth.
Modern wireless systems require compact components that can adapt to changing operational frequencies and provide strong, reliable signal transmission. Circular polarisation helps reduce signal loss caused by antenna misalignment or obstacles. Demonstrating that plasma-based antennas can be reconfigured dynamically and enhanced with simple dielectric lenses offers a route towards versatile, chip-compatible communication devices.
The antenna could serve developers of X-band wireless communication systems and system-on-chip hardware seeking reconfigurable, integrated radiation sources. Because the findings are based entirely on simulation using the finite integration technique, the technology remains at an early stage of research and will require physical prototyping and laboratory validation before commercial deployment can be considered.
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A wideband circularly polarized (CP) multi-turns plasma helical antenna (HA) with reconfigurable bandwidth is investigated for wireless communications in the x-band. The proposed plasma-based HA is suitable for integration with electronic circuit components used in system-on-chip applications. A parametric study on the effect of different design parameters on the antenna radiation characteristics is introduced. The antenna dimensions are optimized for wideband CP endfire radiation. The proposed antenna has an impedance matching bandwidth of 48%, a maximum gain of 8.5 dBi, and a wideband CP of 31%. The variation in the number of helix turns improves the antenna gain and bandwidth by changing the plasma frequency. An improvement in antenna gain and radiation efficiency is achieved by loading the antenna with shaped dielectric lenses with a different cross section. The endfire directional gain is improved to 11.5 dBi for hemispherical-shaped lens and 10.5 dBi for a quarter spherical lens with half-power beamwidth (HPBW) of 40°. The finite integration technique (FIT) is used to simulate and analyze the proposed structures.
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DOI: 10.1109/tps.2019.2931989
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